Hepatoblastoma
Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary malignant liver tumour in children under four years of age, usually presenting with a...
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Ascending Cholangitis
Ascending Cholangitis is typically seen in the setting of choledocholithiasis, usually caused by E coli infection and presenting with Charcot’s... -
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease characterised by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts, leading... -
AIDS Cholangiopathy
AIDS cholangiopathy is a form of biliary tract disease seen in patients with advanced HIV infection, specifically those with low... -
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis
Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC), also known as oriental cholangiohepatitis, is a disease characterised by repeated episodes of cholangitis, commonly due... -
Gallbladder Carcinoma
Malignancy of biliary epithelium. Chronic inflammation → dysplasia → carcinoma (adenocarcinoma most common). Gallbladder carcinoma is a rare but highly... -
Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is an uncommon variant of chronic cholecystitis characterised by focal or diffuse destructive inflammatory process of the... -
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign tumour-like hepatic lesion primarily occurring in the liver, characterised by the nodular proliferation... -
Hepatic Adenoma
Hepatic adenomas (pleural: adenomata) are rare benign tumours of the liver predominantly composed of hepatocytes. The incidence is highly related... -
Hepatic Haemangioma
Hepatic haemangiomas, are benign congenital vascular anomalies, typically non-symptomatic and discovered incidentally on imaging studies. They constitute the most common... -
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Primary biliary cirrhosis, a chronic autoimmune condition of small and medium-sized intrahepatic biliary ducts most prevalent in middle-aged women, often... -
Pre-eclampsia & Eclampsia
Pre-eclampsia & Eclampsia are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which may lead to significant maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality, with... -
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia is a benign lesion incidentally seen in healthy middle-aged women with a history of oral contraceptive which... -
Cholangiocarcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma, typically seen in older adults with risk factors including liver-fluke endemic regions or primary sclerosing cholangitis, often presents with... -
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common primary liver malignancy, is typically found in adults with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis, characterised by... -
Hepatic Schistosomiasis
Hepatic schistosomiasis, predominantly seen in individuals from endemic areas like Africa and the Middle East, is characterised by parasitic infection... -
Wilson Disease
Wilson’s disease, a rare autosomal recessive disorder common in populations with high rates of consanguinity, leads to abnormal copper metabolism... -
Recurrent pyogenic cholangiohepatitis
Recurrent pyogenic cholangiohepatitis (RPC) is most commonly seen in Southeast Asian populations, characterised by intraductal hepatolithias formation from repeated infection... -
Adenomyomatosis
Benign hyperplastic cholecystosis Mural thickening with Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses, comet tail artefact Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder, also known as hyperplastic cholecystosis,... -
Amoebic Abscess
Amoebic abscess refers to a parasitic liver abscess caused by Entamoeba histolytica, an invasive protozoan that most commonly affects the... -
Hepatic Mesenchymal Hamartoma
Benign, complex multicystic mass with poor enhancement Mix of mesenchymal and epithelial elements Present before 2 years of age Hepatic...