Description Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma is a rare benign tumour of the liver, most commonly diagnosed in infancy and early childhood. It is characterised by a combination of cystic spaces and mesenchymal…

Description Pancreas divisum is the most common congenital anomaly of the pancreas, resulting from failure of fusion of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic ducts during embryological development. In the…

Description Enostosis, also referred to as a bone island, is a benign, asymptomatic focus of compact (cortical-type) bone within cancellous (trabecular) bone. It is a developmental hamartoma rather than a…

Description Lipoma arborescens is a rare, benign intra-articular lesion characterised by villous, frond-like proliferation of synovium that is infiltrated by mature adipocytes. The name derives from its…

Description Amoebic abscess refers to a parasitic liver abscess caused by Entamoeba histolytica, an invasive protozoan that most commonly affects the colon but may disseminate via the portal venous system to…

Description Pseudomembranous colitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the colon caused by Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection. This condition is often associated with recent antibiotic…

Description Plantar fibromatosis, also known as Ledderhose disease, is a benign fibroproliferative condition involving the plantar aponeurosis of the foot. It is part of the spectrum of superficial…

Overview The posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) originates as the deep branch of the radial nerve and emerges after traversing the supinator muscle, continuing its course along the posterior compartment of…