Monozygotic twin pregnancies, the result of a single fertilised egg splitting into two embryos, characteristically demonstrates two foetuses in the same gestational sac in the first trimester on…

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication of monozygotic twin pregnancies, characterised by the ‘stuck twin’ appearance on ultrasound with oligohydramnios in the donor twin’s sac and…

Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) refers to a group of malignant tumours that arise from abnormal trophoblastic cells, usually following molar pregnancy and may be seen on ultrasound as a…

Placenta accreta spectrum disorders are abnormal placentations often demonstrated as irregular or absent retroplacental clear space and dark intraplacental bands on ultrasound. Description Placenta…

Description Hypersensitivity reactions are overactive responses of the immune system to certain antigens. These reactions can result in a variety of symptoms and conditions, many of which can be severe…

Foetal hydrops is the accumulation of fluid in two or more foetal compartments, including ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion and skin oedema. In ultrasound, it often presents as increased…

Thecoma, a benign ovarian stromal tumour prevalent in postmenopausal women, characteristically appears as a well-defined enhancing solid mass with characteristic lipid-rich theca cells. Description Thecoma is…

Fibrothecoma, a benign mixed sex cord-stromal tumour of the ovary, is composed of fibroma and theca cells. On imaging, it typically presents as a well-circumscribed solid mass, showing low signal intensity…

Ovarian fibroma, the most common benign solid tumour of the ovary, is frequently seen in postmenopausal women and may be associated with Meigs syndrome. It appears as a solid, hypointense mass on T1…

Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, the most common malignant epithelial ovarian tumour, may show psammoma bodies and presents with complex cystic and solid components with enhancing septations and nodules…